《全球网络赌博平台》
The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) seeks to address the violence women face on campus: highest rates of stalking, 发生非致命亲密伴侣暴力的风险最高, 20-25%的女学生经历过强奸或强奸未遂.
10月20日, 2014, 美国教育部公布了VAWA的最终规定. 该条例扩大了校园性侵幸存者的权利, 家庭暴力, 约会暴力, 和被人跟踪. 本修订法例订定下列定义及术语:
- 性侵犯: 符合强奸定义的罪行, 被溺爱的人, 乱伦, 或联邦调查局UCR全球网络赌博平台中使用的法定强奸.
- 性犯罪: 任何针对他人的性行为, 没有得到受害者的同意, 包括受害者没有能力给予同意的情况.
- 强奸-渗透, 无论多么微不足道, 阴道或肛门与任何身体部位或物体的接触, 或者被另一个人的性器官口交, 没有得到受害者的同意.
- Fondling – The touching of the private body parts of another person for the purpose of sexual gratification, 没有得到受害者的同意, 包括受害者没有能力给予同意的情况 because of his/her age or because of his/her temporary or permanent mental incapacity.
- Incest – Sexual intercourse between persons who are related to each other within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by law.
- Statutory Rape – Sexual intercourse with a person who is under the statutory age of consent.
- 家庭暴力: 暴力犯罪所犯的重罪或轻罪
- 受害者的现任或前任配偶或亲密伴侣;
- 与受害人有共同子女的人;
- 由与之同居的人, 或与…同居, 作为配偶或亲密伴侣的受害者;
- By a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred;
- By any other person against an adult or youth victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred.
- 约会暴力: Violence committed by a person who is or has been in a social 的关系 of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim.
- The existence of such a 的关系 shall be determined based on the reporting party’s statement and with consideration of the length of the 的关系, 关系的类型, 以及关系中双方互动的频率.
- 就本定义而言, 约会暴力包括, 但不限于, 性虐待或身体虐待或这种虐待的威胁.
- Dating violence does not include acts covered under the definition of 家庭暴力.
- Any incident meeting this definition is considered a crime for the purposes of Clery Act reporting.
- 跟踪: Engaging in a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to
- Fear for the person’s safety or the safety of others; or
- 遭受严重的情绪困扰.
就本定义而言:
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- 行为过程是指两个或两个以上的行为, 包括, 但不限于, 行为中跟踪者直接, 间接, 或者通过第三方, 通过任何行动, 方法, 设备, 或者意味着, 遵循, 监控, 观察, 监视, 威胁, 或与人交流或关于人交流, 或干涉他人的财产.
- Reasonable person means a reasonable person under similar circumstances and with similar identities to the victim.
- 实质性的情绪困扰是指严重的精神痛苦或痛苦，可能, 但不一定, 需要医疗或其他专业治疗或咨询.
- Any incident meeting this definition is considered a crime for the purposes of Clery Act reporting.
- 防止约会暴力、家庭暴力、性侵犯和跟踪的全球网络赌博平台; 全面的, 有意的, 集成编程, 倡议, 策略, 以及旨在结束约会暴力的活动, 家庭暴力, 性侵犯, 跟踪:
- 与文化相关, 包容不同的社区和身份, 可持续发展的, 回应社区需要, 并通过研究获得信息或评估价值, 有效性, or outcome; and
- 考虑环境风险和保护因素，因为它们发生在个人身上, 的关系, 机构, 社区, 以及社会层面
- 防止约会暴力的全球网络赌博平台, 家庭暴力, 性侵犯, 和被人跟踪 include both primary prevention and awareness programs directed at incoming students and new employees and ongoing prevention and awareness campaigns directed at students and employees.
- 意识程序: 社区范围或特定受众的节目, 倡议, and 策略 that increase audience knowledge and share information and resources to prevent violence, 促进安全, 减少犯罪
- 旁观者干预: Safe and positive options that may be carried out by an individual or individuals to prevent harm or intervene when there is a risk of 约会暴力, 家庭暴力, 性侵犯, 或跟踪
旁观者干预包括:
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- 认识到潜在危害的情况
Understanding 机构 structures and cultural conditions that facilitate violence, 克服干预障碍, 确定安全有效的干预方案, 并采取行动进行干预
- 正在进行的预防和提高认识运动: 编程, 倡议, and 策略 that are sustained over time and focus on increasing understanding of topics relevant to and skills for addressing 约会暴力, 家庭暴力, 性侵犯, 和被人跟踪, 对整个机构的受众使用一系列策略
初级预防规划:规划, 倡议, 以及通过研究或价值评估得出的策略, 有效性, 或者旨在阻止约会暴力的结果, 家庭暴力, 性侵犯, 和被人跟踪 before they occur through the promotion of positive and healthy behaviors that foster healthy, 相互尊重的关系和性, 鼓励安全的旁观者干预, 努力改变行为和社会规范，使其朝着健康和安全的方向发展.
- 降低风险: 旨在减少犯罪和旁观者不作为的选择, and to increase empowerment for victims in order to 促进安全 and to help individuals and communities address conditions that facilitate violence.
- 公正，公正的程序:迅速、公平和公正的程序: A proceeding that is completed within reasonably prompt timeframes designated by an institution’s policy, 包括 a process that allows for the extension of timeframes for good cause and with written notice to the accuser and 被告 of the delay and the reason for the delay;
- 以下述方式进行:
- Is consistent with the institution’s policies and transparent to the accuser and accused;
- Includes timely notice of meetings at which the accuser or accused, or both, may be present; and
- 提供及时和平等的接触原告的机会, 被告, and appropriate officials to any information that will be used during informal and formal disciplinary meetings 和听证会; and
- Conducted by officials who do not have a conflict of interest or bias for or against the accuser or 被告
- 顾问: 向原告或被告提供支持、指导或建议的任何个人
- 程序: All activities related to a non-criminal resolution of an 机构 disciplinary complaint, 包括, 但不限于, 事实调查, 正式或非正式会议, 和听证会. Proceeding does not include communications and meetings between officials and victims concerning accommodations or protective measures to be provided to a victim.
- 结果: 任何初始, 临时, and final decision by any official or entity authorized to resolve disciplinary matters within the institution The result must include any sanctions imposed by the institution.